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The Ganapati Atharvashirsa ((サンスクリット:गणपत्यर्थवशीर्ष), ) is a Hindu scripture dedicated to the god Ganesha. It is a late Upanishad that celebrates Ganesha as the ultimate Brahman.〔Courtright, Paul B. : Lord of Obstacles, Lord of Beginnings. Appendix: "". (Oxford University Press: New York, 1985)〕 The scripture asserts its own status as an upanishad in its final line, which reads "Thus, the "; ).〔This is verse 29 in the Chinmayananda variant. Text and verse numbering are given in Chinmayananda (1987) p. 131.〕 It is also referred to as the ''Sri Ganapati Atharva Sirsha'', the ''Ganapati Atharvashirsha'', the ''Ganapati Atharvasirsa'', or the ''Ganapati Upanishad''. It is the most widely recited Sanskrit text among devotees of Ganesha in Maharashtra. The entire text is written over the entrance to the temple hall in the Ganesha shrine at Ranjangaon. Ghurye notes its emergence in the early 19th century, corresponding to the rise of the Ganapati worship in Maharashtra among Brahmins centered in Pune,〔Ghurye, G. S. Gods and Men. (Bombay: 1962) pp. 101-2.〕 but the text is probably somewhat older, dating to the 17th or 18th century;〔Courtright (1985) p. 252.〕 it is not part of the Muktikā canon of 108 Upanishads compiled in the mid 17th century, but it was mentioned c. 1800 by Upanishad Brahmayogin in his commentary on the Muktika canon.〔Bühnemann, Gudrun. . Publications of the De Nobili Research Library, vol. 10. (Ed. Gerhard Oberhammer: Vienna, 1983), p. 103.〕 The text associates itself with the Atharvaveda, in a passage that Chinmayananda translates as "Thus says Atharvana" (Sanskrit:; ).〔This is verse 21 in the Chinmayananda variant. Chinmayanada notes that his version numbering may differ from that in other variants. Text and verse numbering are given in Chinmayananda (1987) p. 130. Courtright translates the verse as "This text was told by the Atharvan sage." Courtright (1985) p. 254. Chinmayananda comments on this claim of lineage saying that "it may or may not be so", noting that such an attribution of authorship is not found in the body of many of the upanishads. Chinmayananda (1987) p. 122.〕 ==Textual variants== As is common with devotional works of this type, variations in the text are often found in manuscripts, which may differ from one another in significant ways. Many of the published works on the Ganapati Atharvashirsa use variant versions of the text, showing differences in content and line numbering, so it is necessary to review multiple editions. A "critical edition" of a Hindu scripture is a special type of scholarly edition in which many alternative readings from variant manuscripts have been reviewed and reconciled by scholars to produce a consensus text. A critical edition examining variants of the Sanskrit text was published in 1984 by Gudrun Bühnemann with a translation.〔Bühnemann, Gudrun. Some Remarks on the Structure and Application of Hindu Sanskrit Stotras. ''Wiener Zeitschrift für die Kunde Südasiens'' 28, pp. 73-104.〕 A heavily edited and abbreviated translation was made in the early nineteenth century by Vans Kennedy.〔Kennedy, Vans. Researches into the Nature and Affinity of Ancient and Hindu Mythology. (London: 1831) pp. 493-94.〕 J. R. Sartha published a 1969 edition.〔J. R. Sartha, ed., . (Bombay, 1969).〕 In 1985 Courtright published an English translation based on the Sartha edition.〔Courtright (1985) Appendix.〕 Swami Chinmayananda published a variant of the Sanskrit text with an English translation in 1987. In his version of the source text he groups verses together to form sections that he calls ''upamantras''. He notes that as a result of this his line numbering and versification may differ from those given in other variants.〔Swami Chinmayananda. Glory of Ganesha. (Central Chinmaya Mission Trust: Bombay, 1987). pp. 121-131. Other reprint editions: 1991, 1995.〕 John Grimes provides a structural analysis including a version of the Sanskrit text and an English translation in his 1995 book on Ganapati. His version provides no line numbers.〔Material on the is pp. 21-36 in: Grimes, John A. Ganapati: Song of the Self. (State University of New York Press: Albany, 1995) ISBN 0-7914-2440-5 In his notes Grimes cites the Courtright and Chinmayananda editions, as well as Navaratnam, ', 101-18.〕 The text is sometimes found on the Internet in the form of downloadable files or on web sites, but in such cases the reliability and versification of the variants cannot be determined. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Ganapati Atharvashirsa」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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